ASTM B265 Titanium And Titanium Alloy Sheet
What is ASTM B265?
ASTM B265 is the standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy strip, sheet, and plate manufactured by rolling. It establishes the requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances, and testing procedures for flat-rolled titanium products.
Key Aspects of ASTM B265:
Comprehensive Grade Coverage: Includes all commercially pure grades (1, 2, 3, 4) and major alloy grades (5, 7, 9, 12, 23, etc.)
Internationally Recognized: Accepted worldwide for aerospace, medical, industrial, and pressure vessel applications
Quality Assurance: Defines testing requirements for chemical analysis, tensile properties, and dimensional accuracy
Traceability: Requires heat/lot traceability and mill test reports
ASTM B265 Grade Classifications
| Grade | UNS Designation | Type | Common Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | R50250 | Commercially Pure | CP Titanium Grade 1 |
| Grade 2 | R50400 | Commercially Pure | CP Titanium Grade 2 |
| Grade 3 | R50550 | Commercially Pure | CP Titanium Grade 3 |
| Grade 4 | R50700 | Commercially Pure | CP Titanium Grade 4 |
| Grade 5 | R56400 | Alpha-Beta Alloy | Ti-6Al-4V |
| Grade 7 | R52400 | CP with Palladium | Ti-0.15Pd |
| Grade 9 | R56320 | Alpha-Beta Alloy | Ti-3Al-2.5V |
| Grade 11 | R52250 | CP with Palladium | Ti-0.15Pd (low oxygen) |
| Grade 12 | R53400 | Near-Alpha Alloy | Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni |
| Grade 16 | R52402 | CP with Palladium | Ti-0.05Pd |
| Grade 17 | R52252 | CP with Palladium | Ti-0.05Pd (low oxygen) |
| Grade 23 | R56401 | Alpha-Beta Alloy (ELI) | Ti-6Al-4V ELI |
| Grade 24 | R56405 | Alpha-Beta Alloy | Ti-6Al-4V (with Pd) |
| Grade 25 | R56403 | Alpha-Beta Alloy | Ti-6Al-4V (with Ru) |
| Grade 26 | R52404 | CP with Ru | Ti-0.1Ru |
| Grade 27 | R52254 | CP with Ru | Ti-0.1Ru (low oxygen) |
| Grade 28 | R56323 | Alpha-Beta Alloy | Ti-3Al-2.5V (with Ru) |
| Grade 29 | R56404 | Alpha-Beta Alloy (ELI with Ru) | Ti-6Al-4V ELI (with Ru) |
Chemical Composition Requirements (ASTM B265)
Commercially Pure Grades
| Grade | Ti | Fe (max) | O (max) | C (max) | N (max) | H (max) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Balance | 0.20% | 0.18% | 0.08% | 0.03% | 0.015% |
| Grade 2 | Balance | 0.30% | 0.25% | 0.08% | 0.03% | 0.015% |
| Grade 3 | Balance | 0.30% | 0.35% | 0.08% | 0.05% | 0.015% |
| Grade 4 | Balance | 0.50% | 0.40% | 0.08% | 0.05% | 0.015% |
Alloy Grades
| Grade | Al | V | Fe (max) | O (max) | Other | Ti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 5 | 5.5-6.5 | 3.5-4.5 | 0.40% | 0.20% | – | Balance |
| Grade 7 | – | – | 0.30% | 0.25% | Pd 0.12-0.25 | Balance |
| Grade 9 | 2.5-3.5 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.25% | 0.15% | – | Balance |
| Grade 11 | – | – | 0.20% | 0.18% | Pd 0.12-0.25 | Balance |
| Grade 12 | – | – | 0.30% | 0.25% | Mo 0.2-0.4, Ni 0.6-0.9 | Balance |
| Grade 23 | 5.5-6.5 | 3.5-4.5 | 0.25% | 0.13% | – | Balance |
Mechanical Property Requirements (Annealed Condition)
| Grade | Tensile Strength (min) | Yield Strength (min) | Elongation (min) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | 240 MPa (35 ksi) | 170 MPa (25 ksi) | 24% |
| Grade 2 | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 275 MPa (40 ksi) | 20% |
| Grade 3 | 450 MPa (65 ksi) | 380 MPa (55 ksi) | 18% |
| Grade 4 | 550 MPa (80 ksi) | 480 MPa (70 ksi) | 15% |
| Grade 5 | 895 MPa (130 ksi) | 828 MPa (120 ksi) | 10% |
| Grade 7 | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 275 MPa (40 ksi) | 20% |
| Grade 9 | 620 MPa (90 ksi) | 483 MPa (70 ksi) | 15% |
| Grade 11 | 240 MPa (35 ksi) | 170 MPa (25 ksi) | 24% |
| Grade 12 | 483 MPa (70 ksi) | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 18% |
| Grade 23 | 860 MPa (125 ksi) | 795 MPa (115 ksi) | 10% |
Available Forms & Finishes
Forms:
Sheet: Thickness < 5.0 mm
Strip: Coiled sheet product
Plate: Thickness ≥ 5.0 mm
Standard Finishes:
Hot Rolled & Annealed – Mill finish
Pickled – Chemically cleaned surface
Cold Rolled – Smooth, uniform surface
Polished – Reflective finish
Sandblasted – Matte texture
What is the difference between ASTM B265 and ASTM B348?
| Standard | Covers | Typical Forms |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B265 | Titanium and titanium alloy strip, sheet, and plate | Flat products – sheets, plates, coils |
| ASTM B348 | Titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets | Long products – round bars, square bars, rectangle bars |
How do I select the right titanium grade for my application?
Consider these factors:
Strength requirements – Grade 5/Grade 23 for high strength; Grade 2 for moderate strength
Corrosion environment – Grade 7/Grade 12 for aggressive chemical exposure
Forming needs – Grade 1/Grade 2 for maximum formability
Temperature – Grade 5 for elevated temperatures; CP grades for moderate temperatures
Biocompatibility – Grade 23 for implants; Grade 2/4 for surgical instruments
Budget – CP grades are more economical than alloy grades
What surface finish is recommended for my application?
| Application | Recommended Finish |
|---|---|
| Chemical processing | Pickled |
| Aerospace components | Pickled or cold rolled |
| Medical devices | Cold rolled or polished |
| Architectural | Polished or cold rolled |
| Food processing | 2B or polished |
| General fabrication | Pickled |
| Further processing/machining | Hot rolled or pickled |
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