How To Choose The Right Titanium Grade

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Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys are available in a variety of grades, and you need to ensure you choose the right shape and grade to ensure your project is completed successfully.
While all grades offer corrosion resistance, high strength, and lightweight properties, there are some significant differences that can affect the final result. When choosing a titanium alloy grade, it's important to consider the metal's intended use, the conditions in which it will be used, and the size of the part.
Pure titanium is available in four grades, each with distinct properties that make it an ideal choice for different projects.

Grade 1 titanium is the softest grade of titanium, which makes it very formable. It offers a high ductility while still maintaining the necessary impact toughness. This grade is most often used in plates, tubing, piping, and a range of other applications where a higher level of weldability and formability is important.

This titanium is used in a variety of industries and its characteristics make it an effective choice for:

aerospace

medical

marine

architecture

manufacturing

power

chemical processing facilities

desalination

automotive parts

airplane structures and frames

For slightly stronger metal, there is Grade 2 titanium. It is still very moldable, but has a higher tensile strength. Grade 2 titanium is very widely available, which makes it more affordable than other grades. The common product forms include everything from bar and billet to plate and wire.

It has many of the same applications as grade 1 titanium, though it is also used in:

power generation

hydro-carbon processing

exhaust pipe shrouds

airframe skin

Grade 3 titanium is not used near as much as grade 2, but it still has its uses. It is stronger than grades 1 and 2, features good weldability, and extremely high corrosion resistance. It is less moldable than the other 2 grades, but the added strength and resistance make it a good choice for:

chemical processing

marine applications

aerospace

It can be purchased in bar, billet, ingot. plate, and welded products.

Grade 4 titanium is the strongest pure grade titanium, but it is also the least moldable. Still, it has a good cold formability, and it has many medical and industrial uses because of its great strength, durability and weldability. Grade 4 titanium is most commonly found in:

surgical hardware

heat exchangers

CIP equipment

It can be purchased in bar, billet, ingot, plate, and strip.

Ti 6AI-4V (a.k.a grade 5) is the most common of titanium alloys, and it referred to as the "workhorse" of the aerospace industry for a reason. It can resist temperatures up to 600 degrees Fahrenheit, is strong, light-weight, highly formable, and extremely corrosion resistant. It is made from the combination of titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron.

Grade 5 is popular in the aerospace industry for aircraft turbines as well as structural components, but it is also used in high-performance engine parts, sports equipment biomedical implants, and more. Common product forms include bar, billet, foil, sheet, seamless pipe, wire, plate and more.

Grade 7 is the most corrosion resistant of the titanium alloys. It features most of the properties of grade 2 pure titanium, but the added palladium helps increase the weldability and formability. It is most commonly used in chemical production equipment, and is available in most product forms.

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