Metal after forging process can improve its organisation and mechanical properties. Casting organisation after forging method hot processing deformation due to metal deformation and recrystallisation, so that the original coarse dendritic and columnar grains into fine grains, uniform size of the equiaxial recrystallisation organisation, so that the ingot within the original segregation, porosity, porosity, slag entrapment and other compaction and weld, and its organisation has become more compact, improve the plasticity of the metal and mechanical properties.
Generally speaking, the mechanical properties of castings are lower than the mechanical properties of forgings of the same material. In addition, the forging process can ensure the continuity of the metal fibre organization, so that the fibre organization of the forging and forging shape to maintain consistency, metal flow integrity, can ensure that the parts have good mechanical properties and long service life using precision die forging, cold extrusion, temperature extrusion and other processes to produce forgings, are castings can not be compared.
1, aircraft forgings
Calculated by weight, about 85% of the aircraft components are forgings. Aircraft engine turbine discs, rear journal (hollow shaft), blades, wings, wing beams, fuselage ribs, wheel brackets, landing gear inside and outside the cylinder are involved in the aircraft safety of important forgings. Aircraft forgings are mostly made of high-strength wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant aluminium alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and other precious materials. In order to save materials and save energy, aircraft forgings are mostly produced by die forging or multi-directional die forging presses. Automotive forging by weight, the car has 1719% of the forgings. General car by the body, trunk, engine, front axle, rear axle, frame, transmission, drive shafts, steering system and other 15 components constitute the automotive forgings are characterised by complex shape, light weight, poor working conditions, high safety requirements. Such as automotive engines used in the crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, front axle beams, steering knuckles, rear axle used in the half-axle, half-axle casing, bridge box drive gears, etc., are not related to the safe operation of the security of the car key forgings.
2, diesel engine forgings
Diesel engine is a kind of power machinery, it is often used for the engine. Large diesel engines, for example, the forgings used in the cylinder head, the main shaft neck, crankshaft end flange output shaft, connecting rods, piston rods, piston head, crosshead pins, crankshaft drive gears, gear rings, intermediate gears and dyeing the body of the oil pump and so on more than ten kinds of oil pumps.
3,Marine forgings
Marine forgings are divided into three categories, host forgings, shaft forgings and rudder forgings. Host forgings and diesel engine forgings. Shaft forgings have thrust shafts, intermediate shafts, transom shafts and so on. Rudder system forgings have rudder rod, rudder column, rudder pin and so on.
4, weapons forgings
Forgings in the weapons industry occupies an extremely important position. Calculated by weight, 60% of the tanks are forgings. Artillery barrels, gun muzzle retractor and gun tail, infantry weapons with rifled barrels and three-pronged bayonet, rockets and submarines, deep-water bomb launchers and fixed seat, nuclear submarines, high-pressure cooler with stainless steel valve body, shells, bullets, etc., are forging products. In addition to steel forgings, other materials are also used to manufacture weapons.
5, petrochemical forgings
Forgings have a wide range of applications in petrochemical equipment. Such as spherical tank manhole, flange, heat exchanger required by a variety of tube plate, butt-welding flange catalytic cracking reactor forging cylinder (pressure vessel), hydrogenation reactor used in the cylinder section, fertiliser equipment required by the top cover, bottom cover, head, etc. are forgings.
