Titanium Alloy Grade 12 Bar

Physical Properties

Fabrication with Titanium Alloy

Titanium alloy grade 12 is forged conventionally, within the narrow temperature range 815 – 900°C. Titanium and titanium alloys are generally more difficult to forge than both aluminium and alloy steels, due to their high strain rate sensitivity and rapid increase of strength with falling temperature. Hot forging leaves a thick, hard outer layer of titanium oxide on the surface. This layer is called "Alpha Case" and is usually removed by pickling in a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids. As supplied, titanium alloys are usually annealed and pickled, and can be readily cold formed in conventional machines using standard methods. In cold forming the "alpha case" does not form and further pickling is not needed, except to remove any carbon steel embedded in the surface, which can cause pitting corrosion.

Machinability

Titanium alloy grade 12 is readily machinable by conventional methods. Like stainless steel, titanium has a low thermal conductivity and heat dissipation is inhibited, so copious amounts of coolant should be used. Sharp carbide tools are used. Deep, continuous cuts are best.

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