Pure Titanium Wire
What is Pure Titanium Wire?
In the majority of these and other engineering applications, Titanium Wire has replaced heavier, less serviceable, or less cost-effective materials. Titanium Coil Wire is the best among commercially pure titanium grades, where it is the softest and most ductile compared to grades. Typical applications for Titanium Wire include chemical process, petroleum refining, biomedical as well as heat exchangers in an array of different applications. Titanium is light in weight, has extraordinary corrosion resistance and the ability to withstand extreme temperatures. Titanium is used commonly in applications that require welding because of its strong weldability properties.
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Chemical Composition (%)
| Element | Grade 1 (ASTM B863) | Grade 2 (ASTM B863) | Grade 3 (ASTM B863) | Grade 4 (ASTM B863) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium (Ti) | Balance | Balance | Balance | Balance |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.03 | ≤ 0.03 | ≤ 0.05 | ≤ 0.05 |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.08 |
| Hydrogen (H) | ≤ 0.015 | ≤ 0.015 | ≤ 0.015 | ≤ 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.20 | ≤ 0.30 | ≤ 0.30 | ≤ 0.50 |
| Oxygen (O) | ≤ 0.18 | ≤ 0.25 | ≤ 0.35 | ≤ 0.40 |
| Others (Each) | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.10 |
| Others (Total) | ≤ 0.40 | ≤ 0.40 | ≤ 0.40 | ≤ 0.40 |
Physical Properties
| Property | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density (g/cm³) | 4.51 | 4.51 | 4.51 | 4.51 |
| Density (lb/in³) | 0.163 | 0.163 | 0.163 | 0.163 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1660-1700 | 1660-1700 | 1660-1700 | 1660-1700 |
| Melting Point (°F) | 3020-3092 | 3020-3092 | 3020-3092 | 3020-3092 |
| Beta Transus (°C) | 890-920 | 890-920 | 890-920 | 890-920 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 16.4 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 16.4 |
| Electrical Resistivity (μΩ·m) | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.56 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 105 | 105 | 105 | 105 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (10⁶ psi) | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 |
| CTE (µm/m·°C) 20-100°C | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 |
| Magnetic Properties | Non-magnetic | Non-magnetic | Non-magnetic | Non-magnetic |
Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)
| Property | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 240 – 360 | 345 – 450 | 450 – 550 | 550 – 700 |
| Tensile Strength (ksi) | 35 – 52 | 50 – 65 | 65 – 80 | 80 – 100 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 170 – 280 | 275 – 380 | 380 – 480 | 480 – 600 |
| Yield Strength (ksi) | 25 – 40 | 40 – 55 | 55 – 70 | 70 – 85 |
| Elongation (%) | 24 – 40 | 20 – 30 | 18 – 25 | 15 – 22 |
| Reduction of Area (%) | 40 – 55 | 35 – 50 | 30 – 45 | 25 – 40 |
| Hardness (HV) | 120 – 150 | 145 – 180 | 170 – 210 | 200 – 240 |
| Hardness (HRB) | 70 – 80 | 75 – 85 | 85 – 95 | 95 – 105 |
Mechanical Properties by Temper (Grade 2 Example)
| Temper Condition | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | 345 – 450 | 275 – 380 | 20 – 30 | General fabrication, forming |
| Stress Relieved | 400 – 500 | 350 – 450 | 15 – 22 | Formed components |
| Cold Worked (Light) | 450 – 550 | 400 – 500 | 10 – 18 | Springs, fasteners |
| Cold Worked (Medium) | 500 – 600 | 450 – 550 | 6 – 12 | High-strength applications |
| Cold Worked (Heavy) | 550 – 650 | 500 – 600 | 3 – 8 | Maximum strength requirements |
Specifications
| Specification | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM B863 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| ASTM B348 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| ASTM F67 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| ISO 5832-2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| AWS A5.16 | ERTi-1 | ERTi-2 | ERTi-3 | ERTi-4 |
| AMS 4951 | ✓ | - | - | - |
| AMS 4928 | - | ✓ | - | - |
| AMS 4901 | - | ✓ | - | - |
| UNS Number | R50250 | R50400 | R50550 | R50700 |
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FAQ
Q: What are the advantages of using titanium wires in aerospace applications?
A: Titanium wires are favored in aerospace applications due to their lightweight nature, high strength, and resistance to corrosion. These properties contribute to fuel efficiency and overall performance in aircraft.
Q: Can titanium wires be easily welded?
A: Titanium is known for its poor weldability compared to other metals. Specialized welding techniques and equipment are required to ensure a successful weld. This can make the welding process more challenging and costly.
Q: Are there different grades of titanium wires?
A: Yes, titanium is available in various grades, each with specific properties suited for different applications. Common grades include commercially pure titanium (CP Grade 1-4) and titanium alloys (e.g., Ti-6Al-4V).
Q: How is the corrosion resistance of titanium wires beneficial?
A: Titanium's exceptional corrosion resistance makes it suitable for use in environments where exposure to corrosive elements is a concern. This property extends the lifespan of components made from titanium wires.
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